Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutics is the branch of Pharmacy which deals with the designing, manufacturing of drugs. Moreover it is concerned with the stability of the drugs.
What is drug?
Drug is any article whether natural or synthetic having therapeutic and medicinal properties and used in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease in man and other animals.
What is medicine?
Medicine is the dosage form of the drug. Drug is the active ingredient of the medicine.
Medicine= Drug + exipient
dosage form
Dosage form is the designed particular form of drug.
dosage form & its purposes
· Dosage form is essential to increase the stability of the drug.
· It serves the preservation purpose.
· It rises the bioavailability of the drug.
· Dosage form is essential to make the drug to use easily.
Types of dosage form
There are mainly four types of dosage form. They are:
i. Solid dosage form: Tablet, Capsule, Suppository, Powder, Dry mixture
ii. Semi-solid dosage form: Ointment, Paste, Gel, Cream
iii. Liquid dosage form: Solution, Suspension, Emulsion, Mixture
iv. Vapor dosage form: Inhalation therapy, Aerosol
Describe the competitive study between drug dosage forms
Advantage of solid dosage form:
· Solid dosage forms are more stable than the other dosage forms.
· These are easy to handle and more easy to transport.
· Less product spoilage during transportation.
· Less space is required to store.
· It allows less microbial contamination.
· Cost effective.
Disadvantage of solid dosage form:
· Some patient particularly children and the seriously ill – persons who can not be able to swallow solid dosage form.
· Some drugs resist to compress into dense compacts, owing to their amorphous nature or flocculent, low – density character.
Advantage of semi-solid dosage form:
· It is used externally.
· Probability of side effects is reduced.
· Local action
Disadvantage of semi-solid dosage form:
· There is no dosage accuracy in this type of dosage form.
· The base which is used in the semi-solid dosage form can be easily oxidized
· If we go out after using semi-solid dosage form problems occur.
Advantage of liquid dosage form:
· Its action is more rapid
· Liquid dosage form are used fairly commonly by young children or the elders who have trouble swallowing the solid oral dosage forms.
· The products like adsorbents and antacids are more effective in liquid dosage form.
· The liquid dosage form is expected for certain types of products like cough medicines.
Disadvantage of liquid dosage form:
· Less dosage accuracy.
· Problem occurs in preservation.
· Transport is very much difficult.
· No recovery is possible if it lost one time.
Advantage of vapor dosage form:
· Local action.
· Some drugs are only administered by this type of dosage form.
· Less side effects.
Disadvantage of vapor dosage form:
· For preparing this type of dosage form excepients is required as well as more equipment.
· It always causes higher production cost.
Gene therapy
Gene therapy
